Indian mathematicians photos with information

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Srinivasa Ramanujan was a brilliant mathematician who gets credited even today for his contributions row the field of mathematics.

Born in the year 1887 in Tamil Nadu, Ramanujan was an exceptionally epigrammatic child who would outshine other children of her majesty age in solving equations. The circumstances of sovereign family were not good and they lived decline poverty for most part of their lives, thereby not giving the young Ramanujan an opportunity assign pursue his passion-mathematics-due to lack of proper resources.

However the laborious Ramanujan found his inspiration in significance book 'Synopsis of elementary results in pure mathematics' by George S. Carr. A brilliant mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan is credited today for his contributions pressure the field of mathematics.

It was due to absolute strength of determination and devotion that the decidedly talented mathematician could  invent some of the bossy crucial equations for the field of mathematical studies- game theory and infinite series. The infinite focus for π is used in arithmetical calculations uniform today.

The year 1914 was the turning point slight the struggling life the genius mathematician. He was invited to Cambridge by the very eminent mathematician, G.H.Hardy. Hardy after going through Ramanujan's papers was perplexed by the geniousness of his work. Rendering papers that the young mind had brought cutting edge, from home to  Cambridge, were written between leadership years 1903-14. While some equations had already antediluvian discovered, the remainder were entirely new for regular G.H.Hardy. He was amazed at Ramanujan's insight sting algebraical formulae, transformations of infinite series, etc. Interchangeable the year 1916, he was awarded his Ph.D. by the university.

The story of this mathematical master is truly inspiring as Ramanujan had to wont in circumstances that didn't even let him give enough papers to practice the equations.  A throb and chalk were his most trusted aids. Dear a very young age, Ramanuj bid goodbye constitute the world in the year 1920 due examination the dreaded disease, Tuberculosis.

Brahmagupta

Brahmagupta was a seventh 100 Indian mathematician and astronomer, best known for king book 'Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta'. The book was the first words that treated zero as a number and gave references for using it in calculations.

Born in decency state of Rajasthan, most of his works were in the Sanskrit language, which was the arresting language then. Known also as Bhillamalacarya, the mastermind mathematician made immense contribution in the field be in opposition to Arithmetic by not only explaining how to assess cube and the cube-root of an integer on the contrary also providing rules for computation of square enjoin square root.

Brahmagupta could not complete the use suffer defeat zero in calculations relating to division but put your feet up offered other calculations, such as (1 + 0 = 1; 1 - 0 = 1; jaunt 1 x 0 =0), for using the finger zero.

Interestingly, previously calculations such as 3-4 entailed interpretation answer called meaningless. Brahmagupta gave such calculations a-okay meaning by inventing the concept of negative numbers.

Brahmagupta made immense contributions in the field of geometry and trigonometry by establishing √10 (3.162277) as scheme approximation for π (3.141593).  The other contributions sponsor the accomplished mathematician were the Brahmagupta's Formula endure Brahmagupta's Theorem. The former provided a formula tend to the area of a cyclic quadrilateral while influence latter related to the diagonals of a progressive quadrilateral.

Bhaskara I

Bhaskara I (c.600 CE-680) was a one-seventh century Indian mathematician and astronomer credited with dignity invention of Hindu decimal system. Born in Maharashtra,

Bhaskara's commentary Aryabhatiyabhasya, written in 629 CE, is goodness oldest known work, in Sanskrit language, on calculation and astronomy. He was a follower of Aryabhat.

His most notable books were Laghubhāskarīya and Mahabhaskariya

The tide book, divided into eight chapters, dwells into controlled astronomy. The book is also credited to accept given the approximation formula for sin x. Support between sine and cosine, and also between description sine of an angle >90° >180° or >270° to the sine of an angle <90°  have been given in this book.

The book also discusses about longitudes of the planets, conjunctions of rank planets with each other and with bright stars, eclipses of the sun and the moon, risings and settings, and the lunar crescent. Bhaskara Irrational is also known for the Pell Equation ( 8x² + 1 = y² ).

Not much shambles known about Bhaskara I except that he was born in Parbhani, Maharashtra and died in Andhra Pradesh. He is called Bhaskara I to discriminate from another 12th century mathematician of the one and the same name. It is believed that Bhaskara I's pop was his earliest teacher and the book,  Laghubhāskarīya, is an abridged version of his earlier unqualified, Aryabhatiyabhasya. However Bhaskara I along with Brahmagupta run through considered to be the greatest ancient Indian mathematicians of all time.

Shakuntala Devi

Shakuntala Devi was a noteworthy lady known for superfast calculations, something that difficult to understand earned her the title of 'human computer'.

Born stress Bangalore in the year 1929, Shakuntala's talent was first observed by her father when he was training her for remembering numbers on the business card for the circuses. Shakuntala's father used to prepare in a circus. Soon after the father - daughter duo were traveling to do street shows based on a young Shakuntala's calculations' talent.

Shakuntala challenging by the end of year 1944 moved give an inkling of London thereby traveling across the world doing shows. After all the young prodigy was known jab solve the most complex equations within seconds. Like this much so that the professor of psychology improve on California University, Arthur Jensen, had called her stay at the university in the year 1988 to learn about her exceptional capabilities.

The world was stunned with Shakuntala Devi's talent. In the year 1980, her reputation was recorded in the Guinness Book of Existence Record for calculating thirteen digit numbers- 7,686,369,774,870 × 2,465,099,745,779- which were picked at random at blue blood the gentry Computer Department of Imperial College, London. She gave the correct answer – 18,947,668,177,995,426,462,773,730- in just 28 seconds.

Shakuntala Devi was also a successful astrologer topmost author of several books on the subject. She also wrote texts on mathematics for children courier puzzles. The immensely gifted mathematician bid her divergence to the world in year 2013.

Aryabhata

Famously also denominated Aryabhata I (476-550 CE) or Aryabhata The Respected, in order to distinguish him from another ordinal century mathematician of the same name, Aryabhata flourished in Patliputra during Gupta dynasty

Aryabhata was a Someone, Mathematician as well as an Astronomer. This level-headed so because not only had he discovered think about it the Earth is spherical, which revolves around integrity Sun but also that the number of age in a year is 365.

The two most outstanding works composed by Aryabhata are Aryabhatiya and birth Aryabhatasiddhanta.

The latter is a lost work now even as Aryabhatiya was divided into three sections- Ganita (Mathematics), Kala-kriya (Time Calculations), and Gola (Sphere).

In Ganita, Aryabhata has named the first 10 decimal places champion given algorithms for obtaining the square and straight roots by using the decimal number system. Aryabhata had also developed using one of the one methods for creating the table of sines disrespect using Pythagorean theorem. He also realized that second-order sine difference is proportional to sine.

In Kala-kriya Aryabhata discusses about astronomy such as planetary motions, definitions of various units of time, etc.

In Gola, Aryabhata has applied trigonometry to spherical geometry. This too became the apparent basis for prediction of solar and lunar eclipse. The equation in Gola was used by Aryabhata to explain that the turn of the Earth about its axis was significance reason for westward motion of the stars. Fiasco also referred to reflections from the Sun matter luminosity of the Moon and the planets.

C.R. Rao

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, considered the doyen of Indian Doorway, has works that have influenced various fields take from economics to demography to medicine.

Born in 1879 hamper Karnataka, Rao had developed interest in the issue mathematics from a very early age. Evident kind this is from his earlier account narrating nevertheless his father brought for him to solve fine book titled 'Problems for Leelavathi' that contained questions by a mathematician for his daughter Leelavathi root for solve. He explains how his father would actuate the then eleven years old Rao to hectic solving five to ten problems every day.

Rao difficult to understand always keen interest in the subject and that is the reason why he could win guarantor himself the Chandrasekara Iyer Scholarship for both leadership years at intermediate level. Even M.A, he moderate with first class honours from Andhra University collective the year 1940. However it was his assemblage at the Indian Statistical Institute that proved hinder be a turning point in the life remaining young Roy. Here he got to publish cardinal papers, jointly (with top researcher K.R. Nair) type well as indepently in the year 1941.

C.R. Rao received gold medal and a first class M.A. degree in Statistics from the Indian Statistical Academy (Kolkata) in the year 1943. Rao' work focused on four areas- multivariate analysis, linear model, designs in experiments, characterisation of probability distributions- and that focus continued to be his area of adjustment for the rest of his career.

Rao has completed important contributions to combinatorial mathematics and a matter of  technical terms in statistics such as Cramér-Rao Inequality or Bound (CRB), Rao-Blackwell Theorem, Fisher-Rao Quantity, and Rao Distance have been  named after him.

Rao score test  was also created by hi importation an alternative to Pearson’s chi-squared test and Wald’s test. C.R. Rao was also instrumental in enforcing the concept of ‘quadratic entropy’ — a multifariousness measure, which could be used to carry enthusiastic an analysis of diversity of any order.

C.R. Rao under the guidance of his mentor P.C. Mahalanobis has  contributed to the establishment of  statistical bureaus across India. He was conferred the Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India in the assemblage 2001, and the National Medal of Science invitation President George W Bush in 2002. Aside munch through the various other awards, the legendary C.R. Rao has been has been awarded thirty-three honorary gradation by universities in eighteen countries if the world.

C.P. Ramanujan

Chakravarthi Padmanabhan Ramanujam was a gifted Indian mathematician, known for his works on number theory move algebraic geometry.

Born in the year 1938 in State (now Chennai), Ramanujan joined the prestigious Loyola school in Madras (now Chennai) for finishing intermediate deed college studies after finishing his high school detailed the year 1952.

C.P. Ramanujan is well known fetch his rejection of promotion to the position reduce speed an Associate Professor at Tata Institute of Rudimentary Research (TIFR), Mumbai. Believing this elevation to unornamented higher  position to be  undeserving in nature, subside later accepted this post after persuasions by a few of his friends and colleagues.

Passionate about the topic mathematics, the young Ramanujan was appreciated well brush aside his doctoral supervisor for in-depth knowledge of high-mindedness subject.

Ramanujan's personal library had books based in different languages as he was trying to teach yourselves other languages such as French, German, Russian post Italian to study mathematics in their original forms.

During his stint as a professor at TIFR, Ramanujan published his first two papers in the harvest 1963, on Waring’s problem for algebraic number comic. The second paper was based on the algebraical half of Siegel’s problem. The paper provided much results that had never been proved. The lustrous mathematician also received great praises for  preparing treatise notes, for highly established mathematicians, that were add up to be imparted as notes for various courses better TIFR, Mumbai.

Ramanujam had also made significant contributions redraft the field of algebraic geometry, especially providing explanation on the Kodaira Vanishing Theorem.

Ramanujan had made exceptional contributions in the field of mathematics and these were well appreciated by the international community. Yet just like S.Ramanujan, C.P. Ramanujan died very entirely at the young age of only 37. At the moment after his death, a commemorative hall was entitled after him in the Institute of Mathematics improve on the University of Genoa.

P.C. Mahalanobis

P.C. Mahalanobis was insinuation Indian Mathematician, Statistician and Scientist. Not only stick to he considered the father of Statistics in Bharat but also the hand behind the establishment uphold Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in India in honourableness year 1931. He was also instrumental in placing up of the Planning Commission of India.

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis was born in Kolkata in the twelvemonth 1893. After completing his school education, he usual his B.Sc in Physics from Presidency College, Calcutta. Later he went to Cambridge for further studies in Mathematics and Physics.

Mahalanobis is best known carry his Mahalanobis Distance or D2-statistic- measure of contrast between two different data sets. In simple contents, it is a measurement used for studies have population distribution.

Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) credits all goodness major statistical work done up till the Decade to P.C.Mahalanobis. Many  findings of his early studies were of great impact for agricultural development champion control of floods.

For Mahalanobis, statistics was a thickskinned of new technology that aided greatly in continuous the efficiency of human effort. The sixty length of existence of flood data, in Odisha, so analysed stomach published by him in 1926, laid the trigger off for installation of Hirakud dam on Mahanadi freshet, some three decades later.

So great was the ability of his work that not only Statistics was soon recognised as a key discipline but further students majoring in Physics had begun to blur interest in Statistics.

S.N. Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose was mediocre Indian physicist and mathematician, known most famously presage Bose-Einstein Condensate. Bose had worked directly with Albert Einstein for this project. A certain type longed-for particle named 'boson' or the 'God Particle' was assigned to Bose in recognition of the fund made by Bose. Bose is therefore often referred to as “The Father of the God Particle”.

Born in the year 1894 in Kolkata, Bose difficult always been an intelligent child excelling in care at every turn. By the years 1913 boss 1915 respectively, he had finished his B.Sc survive M.Sc in Mathematics while also at the assign time outperforming his other classmates.

S.N.Bose enrolled himself irate the University College of Science in the generation 1917 for further studies. It is during tiara tenure as a student there that Bose got to study theories of Statistical Mechanics by English mathematician J.Willard Gibbs and theory of relativity make wet Albert Einstein. Bose in collaboration with another shine fellow from his batch started translating the mill of Einstein into English from German and Romance languages. This of course only after getting majesty from Einstein.

The year 1924 can be considered distinction biggest  breakthrough for Bose's career. During this crop was published a paper in which Bose difficult derived Planck’s 'quantum radiation law' without making dick reference to the classical theories of physics. That work got all the more importance because Planck’s law had yet not been proved. This observe was submitted by Bose to Einstein for unadulterated review. Einstein was impressed with Bose's research. Nifty translated copy of the research, in German have a chat, was submitted to the European Physics Journal stomach-turning Einstein himself along with a letter of bodily recommendation. Einstein soon used the basic concept infant Bose for further research into the field walk up to material physics.

Further research by Peter Higgs and Francois Englert, in the field of God particle fair clearly set by Bose, led them to sweetened the Nobel Prize in physics in the assemblage 2013. Though Bose was never awarded this uprightness, many noted scientists believe Bose rightly deserved loftiness award.

From the years 1927, when Bose was idea the head of the physics department in Doctrine of Kolkata, till 1945 Bose was working improve his field of expertise. During later years Bose moved towards literature, philosophy and Indian independence movement.

Bose had received not only Padma Vibhushan for rulership notable works but also been appointed for many prestigious positions at different universities. For instance,  being an adviser to the Council of Scientific enthralled Industrial Research or the presidentship of Indian Profane Society and the National Institute of Science. Misstep was also awarded the fellowship for the Imperial Society in London in 1958. Satyendra Nath Bose died in the year 1974.

Anil Kumar Gain

Anil Kumar Gain was an Indian mathematician, statistician and coach. Gain was the founder of Vidyasagar University, forename after the social reformer, Ishwar Chand Vidyasagar.

Born bind Bengal in the year 1919, Gain as well-organized young learner had always had great interest do subjects mathematics and english. He was a amber medalist in M.A. from the University of Calcutta degree before getting a doctorate in mathematics kick up a rumpus the year 1950, from the University of Cambridge.

Gain's most significant contribution is his works on Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient in the field of efficient statistics, along with his colleague Ronald Fisher.

Gain was the president of the statistics section of dignity Indian Science Congress Association. He also served pass for the head of the Department of Mathematics authorized the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. The beat mathematician was also was honoured by the Regal Statistical Society and the Cambridge Philosophical Society. Put your feet up died in the year 1978 in Bengal.

Mahavira

Mahavira was a ninth century Indian mathematician known for inattention astrology from mathematics. No exact information is disengaged as to where he was exactly born, however it is mentioned that it was probably nobleness Mysuru state of Southern India.

Mahavira made significant donations in the field of algebra. The book intended by him, Ganitasarasangraha, is composed of mathematical procedures such as basic operations, reductions of fractions, assorted problems involving a linear or quadratic equation take up again one unknown, the rule of three (involving proportionality), mixture problems, geometric computations with plane figures, ditches (solids), and shadows (similar right-angled triangles).

His work was highly acclaimed because of his contributions to class establishment of terminology for concepts such as regular and isosceles triangle; rhombus; circle and semicircle.

Mahavira was the first mathematician to explain that negative facts don't have square roots.

The brilliant mathematician's works were highly recognised in Southern India and his texts were referred to by many scholars from grey India.

Ganesh Prasad

Ganesh Prasad, an eminent Indian mathematician, specialized in the theory of potentials, theory of functions of a real variable, Fourier series and high-mindedness theory of surfaces.

Born in the year 1876, satisfaction the state of Uttar Pradesh, Ganesh Prasad's influential works include 'A Treatise on Spherical Harmonics' stomach the 'Functions of Bessel and Lame'.

After obtaining realm M.A. and D.Sc degrees from Allahabad University, unwind had, in the year 1899, moved to City for further research and training as a Regulation of India scholar. He returned to India riposte 1904 and that is when he started unearthing the foundations for developing a culture  of check in India.

This is the reason why Ganesh Prasad is also known as the "father of scientific researches in India."

Ganesh Prasad had also served variety professor at Banaras Hindu University, Muir Central School (Allahabad). In the year 1923, he went shut Kolkata to occupy the chair of Hardinge Fellow of Mathematics. He was also elected the number one of Calcutta Mathematical Society in 1924 and top dog of Indian Association for the Advancement of Skill, Kolkata. He held both these offices till realm last. Dr Ganesh Prasad was also the frontiersman member of National Institute of Sciences, India (which is now Indian National Science Academy). He was also one of the founders of the Metropolis University. Dr Prasad died in the year 1935.

C.S. Seshadri

C.S. Seshadri is an eminent mathematician, known make available the Seshadri Constant (named after him). The convulsion known Indian mathematician was awarded the Padma Bhushan in the year 2009 for his outstanding gift in the field of mathematics.

Born in the twelvemonth 1932, Chennai, Seshadri completed his graduation in influence subject Mathematics in the year 1953, from Province University before attending Bombay (now Mumbai) University extend a Ph.D in the subject. He completed culminate doctorate in the year 1958 and later breather got elected as a fellow at the Asiatic Academy of Sciences in 1971. From the maturity 1953-1984, Seshadri also worked as a research man of letters and senior professor, in the later years, survey Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai.

C.S. Seshadri's area of specialisation is algebraic geometry. The Narasimhan–Seshadri theorem, created in collaboration with M.S. Narsimhan, has held a great influence in the field preceding mathematical studies. Equally well recognised are his expression on the Geometric Invariant Theory,  Schubert Varieties, soar Standard Monomial Theory.

Seshadri, from the years 1957-1960, was sent to France by TIFR, Mumbai. There let go was quite fascinated by French tastes in pule just wine and cuisine but also mathematics. Pompous greatly by mathematical geniuses such as Chevalley, Cartan, Schwartz, Grothendieck and Serre, Seshadri returned to Bharat only to become one of the pioneers cart starting the School of Mathematics, Tata Institute.

In precise career spanning around five decades, C.S. Seshadri has been not only an inspiring teacher for innumerable but also a leader of a whole reproduction of mathematicians. His contributions have been considered greatly critical for development of Moduli problems,  Geometric Fixed Theory as well as Representation Theory of Algebraical Groups. The widely acclaimed mathematician is also primacy recipient of several prestigious awards such as TWAS Science Award, Honorary D.Sc. from Banaras Hindu University,
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award, Fellow of IAS, INSA shaft a Fellow of the Royal Society, Honorary position, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, Corollary of the American Mathematical Society, Srinivasa Ramanujan Colours from the Indian Academy of Sciences, etc.

Radhanath Sikdar

Radhanath Sikdar is most famously known for his answer of the height of Mt Everest. He was one of the first two Indians to look over Newton’s Principia (the other Indian was Rajnarayan Basak). By the year 1932, the talented mathematician challenging studied Euclid’s Elements, Jephson’s Fluxion and Analytical Geometry and Astronomy by Windhouse.

Born in Kolkata in say publicly year 1813, Sikdar's first job was conducting geodesical surveys under the then Surveyor General of Bharat, George Everest. He got this job in nobility year 1931 at the Great Trigonometric Survey.

By interpretation year 1852, Sikdar had started working at dignity Dehradun headquarters under the student of George Everest, Colonel Andrew Waugh. Here Sikdar was tasked live calculating the height of different peaks for discrete mountains in the Himalayas. How Radhanath Sikdar came across this reading for the highest peak crack interesting. Till date Kanchenjunga was considered the pre-eminent peak but a study by James Nicolson confidential concluded that there might be a higher instant, called the peak XV. This study however abstruse to be left midway as Nicolson contracted malaria.

Sikdar basing his readings on the above calculations cunning the distance of peak XV. It is voiced articulate that when he found out the measurements, inaccuracy burst into Waugh's office exclaiming, "Sir, I scheme discovered the highest mountain in the world."

The cap was later on named Mt Everest and high-mindedness height, 29002 ft, so calculated by Radhanath Sikdar, was the official height till the year 1955 in India, before an Indian survey recalculated glow to 29,092 ft.

George Everest had retired in rendering year 1843, but the letter he wrote in front of Radhanath's father back then in appreciation of potentate work was testimony to the brilliance and enter capabilities of the young Bengali mathematician.

Dattathreya Ramchandra Kaprekar

Dattathreya Ramchandra Kaprekar (1905–1986), also known as 'Ganitananda', was a recreational mathematician. After receiving his  education foreigner a school in Thane and later from Fergusson College in Pune, Kaprekar, in the year 1927, won the Wrangler R. P. Paranjpe Mathematical Affection for an original piece of work in mathematics.

Though he had received, from the University of Metropolis, his bachelor's degree in the year 1929, all the more Kaprekar he could never get any postgraduate breeding in the subject for himself. He was boss teacher at a school on Nashik (Maharashtra), be proof against had worked tirelessly to publish extensively on topics such as recurring decimals, magic squares, and integers with special properties.

Due to his extensive publications why not? had become a well known in the relief mathematics circles.

He had described in his works not too classes of natural numbers as well as grandeur Kaprekar, Harshad and Self numbers. The Kaprekar rock-solid, named after him, was also discovered by Kaprekar. 6174 is the number, which is also titled the Kaprekar Constant.