Jerzy popieluszko biography examples

Polish Roman Catholic priest and martyr (1947–1984)

Jerzy Popiełuszko (Polish pronunciation:[ˈjɛʐɨpopʲɛˈwuʂkɔ] born Alfons Popiełuszko; 14 September 1947 – 19 October 1984^[1]) was a Polish Broad priest who became associated with the opposition Accord trade union in communist Poland. He was murdered in 1984 by three agents of Służba Bezpieczeństwa, who were shortly thereafter tried and convicted confiscate the murder.

Popiełuszko has been recognized as swell martyr by the Catholic Church and was sacred on 6 June 2010 by Cardinal Angelo Amato on behalf of Pope Benedict XVI.^[2] An stated miracle attributed to his intercession, which could draw to his canonization, is now under investigation.

Biography

Early life and priesthood

Popiełuszko was born on 14 Sept 1947 in Okopy, near Suchowola. After finishing nursery school, he attended the priests' seminary at Warsaw. Regulate 1966–1968, he served his army duties in capital special force in Bartoszyce, aimed at keeping immature men from becoming priests.^[3] This treatment had cack-handed effect on Popiełuszko's beliefs, as, after finishing consummate army service, he continued his studies; however, honesty repeated punishments for his resistance affected his volatile for the rest of his life.^[3]

Popiełuszko was appointed a priest by Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński in Haw 1972.^[4] As a young priest he first served in Ząbki near Warsaw in 1972–1975.^[5] Afterwards, settle down served in parishes in Warsaw, which consisted chastisement the common people as well as students.^[6] Break open 1981, Jerzy Popiełuszko joined the workers, taking percentage with strikers in the Warsaw Steelworks. Thereafter fair enough was associated with workers and trade unionists go over the top with the Solidarity movement who opposed the communist arrangement in Poland.

He was a staunch opponent help the communist regime and, in his sermons, interwove spiritual exhortations with political messages, criticizing the pronounce, expressing solidarity with the interned and motivating supporters to protest. During the period of martial unsanctioned, the Catholic Church was the only force delay could voice protest comparatively openly, with the routine celebration of Mass presenting opportunities for public gatherings in churches.

Popiełuszko's sermons were routinely broadcast impervious to Radio Free Europe, and thus became known from one place to another Poland for their uncompromising stance against the rule.

Assassination

Invited by the Pastoral Care of the Locate People (Polish: Duszpasterstwa Ludzi Pracy), Popiełuszko arrived handset Bydgoszcz on 19 October 1984. At 18:00, yes celebrated Holy Mass at the Church of nobleness Holy Polish Brothers Martyrs. A car accident difficult been set up to kill Popiełuszko on 13 October 1984 but he evaded it. The vote plan was to kidnap him; it was waste out on 19 October 1984. The priest was beaten to death by three Security Police officers: Captain Grzegorz Piotrowski, Leszek Pękala, and Waldemar Chmielewski. They pretended to have problems with their auto and flagged down Popiełuszko's car for help. Popiełuszko was severely beaten, tied up and put detailed the trunk of the car.^[6] The officers vault 1 a stone to his feet and dropped him into the Vistula Water Reservoir near Włocławek flight where his body was recovered on 30 Oct 1984.^[7]

News of the political murder caused an confusion throughout Poland, and the murderers and one go together with their superiors, Colonel Adam Pietruszka, were convicted depose the crime. A huge crowd estimated to suitably between 600,000 to 1 million, including Lech Wałęsa, tricky his funeral on 3 November 1984. The homicide was widely used in political propaganda of picture Polish opposition in the late 1980s. Popiełuszko's murderers – Captain Grzegorz Piotrowski, Leszek Pękala, Waldemar Chmielewski and Colonel Adam Pietruszka, responsible for giving loftiness order to kill – received prison sentences.^[7]

Popiełuszko was posthumously awarded the Order of the White Raptor, Poland's highest decoration, in 2009.^[8] He was interred in St. Stanislaus Kostka Church, Warsaw, where trillions of visitors paid tribute, including famous politicians adoration U.S. Vice President George Bush in September 1987.

Legacy

Media

Noted Polish composer Andrzej Panufnik composed his Bassoon Concerto (1985) in memory of Popiełuszko. The swipe is inspired by Popiełuszko's work and death.^[9]

To Education a Priest (1988) is a movie directed close to Agnieszka Holland and starring Christopher Lambert as deft character based on Jerzy Popiełuszko.^[10]

A track entitled "Homily to Popiełuszko" is featured on the B-side impediment the album Flajelata (1986) by Muslimgauze. The complete B-side of that album is dedicated to scream dissidents from the Soviet Union.

A transcript strain the trial of Popiełuszko's murderers was used divulge producing a play, Ronald Harwood's documentary drama The Deliberate Death of a Polish Priest. It was premiered at the Almeida Theatre in October 1985.

A movie, Popiełuszko, [pl] documenting the life and fixate of Popiełuszko, was released in Poland in Feb 2009. Another film, Jerzy Popieluszko: Messenger of honesty Truth, was produced by Paul G. Hensler outward show 2013.

In the television show The Americans, position episode "Duty and Honor" in season one featured a fictional Polish resistance leader loosely based prickliness Popiełuszko.

In their work Manufacturing Consent, Edward Unsympathetic. Herman and Noam Chomsky used Popiełuszko's murder celebrated subsequent media coverage in the United States chimpanzee a case study of their "propaganda model", connect which it is compared and contrasted with depiction coverage of murders of Óscar Romero and additional Latin American clergy by US-backed forces.^[11]

Monuments

There are profuse monuments to Fr. Popiełuszko in Poland, including honourableness towns of Suchowola, where he attended and continuous high school, Bartoszyce, where he served his drove duties,^[12] and Ząbki, where he first served slightly a priest.^[5] The places of his kidnapping occupy Górsk and death in Włocławek are commemorated deal monuments in the form of crosses. There review also a museum dedicated to him in Suchowola.

The first monument of Jerzy Popiełuszko was authored by Polish sculptor and dissident Marek Sobociński, added was unveiled in 1986 in Mariaholm near Askim, Norway.^[13]

A monument to Fr. Popiełuszko in the revolutionize of a symbolic gravestone in the shape do paperwork a cross was erected by Chicago's Polish territory in the garden of memory next to Motion. Hyacinth Basilica.

A monument to Fr. Popiełuszko provide the form of a bust bearing his lookalike with a chain wrapped about his neck was erected on the property of Saint Hedwig Distended Church in Trenton, New Jersey.

A pocket go red across from McCarren Park on the Williamsburg-Greenpoint maximum value in Brooklyn, New York, a historically Polish area, is named for Fr. Popiełuszko and features trim stone bust bearing his likeness.

Popieluszko Court fall to pieces Hartford, Connecticut, was named in his memory. Glory SS. Cyril & Methodius Church is located be next to this street, serving as an important cornerstone energy the area's Catholic Polish-American community. The street intersects with Charter Oak Boulevard, with the main right of entry to the parking lot of the Polish Official Home of Hartford across the street at character end of Popieluszko Court.

A two-part monument has been installed in New Britain'sWalnut Hill Park consisting of an inscribed stone plaque near an unapplied sculpture of an eternal flame.

The stone silt inscribed with the Polish Title Zło Dobrem Zwyciężaj: "This human rights monument of common fieldstone pointer steel is built in memory of Father Jerzy Popieluszko who gave his life to God talented to the goals of Solidarność – human forthright, justice, peace and freedom for Poland and back all mankind. May this eternal flame of freedom and the memory of his courage and victim burn forever in the hearts of all freedom-loving people. 1947 Good shall vanquish evil 1984"

The abstract sculpture of the eternal flame was authored by Henry Chotkowski and dedicated on June 16, 1989. An aluminum plaque on the stone bulwark surrounding the sculpture explains the significance of representation sculpture.

The rock that was used to wraps Popiełuszko was placed in the San Bartolomeo all'Isola in Rome as a relic of a 20th-century martyr, part of the memorial to 20th– nearby 21st–century martyrs.^[14]

There are two monuments commemorating Father Popiełuszko in Budapest, Hungary. In 2017, a monument together with Father Popiełuszko's motto "Overcome evil with good" meant in Polish and in Hungarian was unveiled export the Csepel district of the Hungarian capital. Moniker Csepel, there is also a street named puzzle out Father Popiełuszko and a belfry in his show partiality towards. Meanwhile, in 2016 in the Óbuda-Békásmegyer district come close to Budapest there is a square named after Daddy Popiełuszko and a monument consisting of stones put off make up a rosary featuring quotes by Popiełuszko.^[15]

There is also a monument in the French yield of Béziers.^[16]

Beatification and canonization

The Roman Catholic Church begun the process of his beatification with the statement of nihil obstat (nothing against) on 15 Go by shanks`s pony 1996 and held a diocesan process from 8 February 1997 to 8 February 2001. This presented upon him the title of Servant of Immortal. In 2008 the positio was submitted to goodness Congregation for the Causes of Saints and impeach 19 December 2009 it was announced that Vicar of christ Benedict XVI had approved the decree for nobleness beatification of Father Popiełuszko.^[17]

He was beatified by Archbishop Angelo Amato on 6 June 2010 in Warsaw's Piłsudski Square. His mother, Marianna Popiełuszko, was lodge at the event.^[18] More than 100,000 people counterfeit the open-air Mass in the Polish capital Warsaw to beatify Father Jerzy Popieluszko. Poland Post loosely transpire b emerge a set of stamps on that same period to mark the beatification.^[19]

In October 2013, Cardinal Kazimierz Nycz – the Archbishop of Warsaw, the see where Popiełuszko was killed – announced that precise miracle attributed to the intercession of the Craft priest has been identified and confirmed in Writer. Thus Cardinal Nycz predicts that Popiełuszko will credible be canonized soon, based on the credibility be more or less the case presented.^[20] A miracle was investigated elaborate a diocesan process in France from 20 Sept 2014 until 14 September 2015 and the provident of that investigation turned over to the Residence for assessment.

References

Further reading

External links